Dépouillements

Yahweh, the Canaanite God of Metallurgy? / Nissim Amzallag in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, 33/4 (2009)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 387-404. Titre : Yahweh, the Canaanite God of Metallurgy? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nissim Amzallag, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 387-404. Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : In antiquity, south-eastern Canaan was a very important centre for copper smelting. While it is likely that there existed a patron deity of metallurgy, the identity of the Canaanite god of smelting remains unknown. Although some biblical writings suggest a south Canaanite origin of Yahweh, no details are provided concerning his worship prior to him becoming the god of Israel. This study explores whether Yahweh was formerly the Canaanite god of metallurgy. The following observations corroborate this hypothesis: (1) Yahweh was worshiped by the Edomites, and especially by the Kenites, a small tribe regarded as the Canaanite smelters; (2) the Israelite cult of Yahweh was associated with copper and with a bronze serpent, a typical symbol of metallurgy; (3) the melting of copper is considered in Exodus 4 as the specific sign of Yahweh; (4) a parallel exists between Yahweh and the god of metallurgy worshiped in Egypt (Ptah), Mesopotamia (Ea/Enki) and Elam (Napir), all of them being a mysterious lonely deity; (5) fighting the (other) gods is common to Yahwism and to ancient metallurgical traditions. These data suggest that, before becoming publicly worshipped in Israel, Yahweh was formerly the god of the Canaanite guild of metallurgists. [article] Yahweh, the Canaanite God of Metallurgy? [texte imprimé] / Nissim Amzallag, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 387-404. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 387-404. Résumé : In antiquity, south-eastern Canaan was a very important centre for copper smelting. While it is likely that there existed a patron deity of metallurgy, the identity of the Canaanite god of smelting remains unknown. Although some biblical writings suggest a south Canaanite origin of Yahweh, no details are provided concerning his worship prior to him becoming the god of Israel. This study explores whether Yahweh was formerly the Canaanite god of metallurgy. The following observations corroborate this hypothesis: (1) Yahweh was worshiped by the Edomites, and especially by the Kenites, a small tribe regarded as the Canaanite smelters; (2) the Israelite cult of Yahweh was associated with copper and with a bronze serpent, a typical symbol of metallurgy; (3) the melting of copper is considered in Exodus 4 as the specific sign of Yahweh; (4) a parallel exists between Yahweh and the god of metallurgy worshiped in Egypt (Ptah), Mesopotamia (Ea/Enki) and Elam (Napir), all of them being a mysterious lonely deity; (5) fighting the (other) gods is common to Yahwism and to ancient metallurgical traditions. These data suggest that, before becoming publicly worshipped in Israel, Yahweh was formerly the god of the Canaanite guild of metallurgists.

Circumcision and Circumstance / Nick Wyatt in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, 33/4 (2009)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 405-431. Titre : Circumcision and Circumstance : Male Genital Mutilation in Ancient Israel and Ugarit Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nick Wyatt, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 405-431. Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Circumcision appears in Genesis 17 as an infant rite, and mark of the covenant; Genesis 34 and Exod. 4.24-26 are written against a background of an adult rite, associated with marriage and fertility. By means of an attempted literary history of the motif, this study attempts a historical reconstruction of the evolution of the ritual tradition, from common West Semitic marital rite de passage into specifically Jewish infant rite of social integration. [article] Circumcision and Circumstance : Male Genital Mutilation in Ancient Israel and Ugarit [texte imprimé] / Nick Wyatt, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 405-431. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 405-431. Résumé : Circumcision appears in Genesis 17 as an infant rite, and mark of the covenant; Genesis 34 and Exod. 4.24-26 are written against a background of an adult rite, associated with marriage and fertility. By means of an attempted literary history of the motif, this study attempts a historical reconstruction of the evolution of the ritual tradition, from common West Semitic marital rite de passage into specifically Jewish infant rite of social integration.

Ruth and the David—Bathsheba Story / Yitzhak Berger in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, 33/4 (2009)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 433-452. Titre : Ruth and the David—Bathsheba Story : Allusions and Contrasts Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yitzhak Berger, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 433-452. Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Numerous scholars maintain that the book of Ruth alludes to the Judah—Tamar narrative in order to provide a contrasting, wholesome portrait of the ancestry of David. This study argues that the book also alludes to the related narrative of David and Bathsheba, casting David's conduct in that episode as a departure from the favorable qualities of the bloodline modeled by Ruth and Boaz. The latter half of the book of Ruth contains three subtle features, each of which bears a unique resemblance to a feature of the Bathsheba tale; and in all three instances, it is proposed that the author of Ruth seeks to underscore a contrast between the characters in the two respective stories. [article] Ruth and the David—Bathsheba Story : Allusions and Contrasts [texte imprimé] / Yitzhak Berger, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 433-452. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 433-452. Résumé : Numerous scholars maintain that the book of Ruth alludes to the Judah—Tamar narrative in order to provide a contrasting, wholesome portrait of the ancestry of David. This study argues that the book also alludes to the related narrative of David and Bathsheba, casting David's conduct in that episode as a departure from the favorable qualities of the bloodline modeled by Ruth and Boaz. The latter half of the book of Ruth contains three subtle features, each of which bears a unique resemblance to a feature of the Bathsheba tale; and in all three instances, it is proposed that the author of Ruth seeks to underscore a contrast between the characters in the two respective stories.

Isaiah 40.13, the Masoretes, Syntax and Literary Structure / Raymond De Hoop in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, 33/4 (2009)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 453-463. Titre : Isaiah 40.13, the Masoretes, Syntax and Literary Structure : A Rejoinder to Reinoud Oosting Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Raymond De Hoop, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 453-463. Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : This study discusses Isa. 40.13, as interpreted in a recent article by Reinoud Oosting (JSOT 32 [2008]: 353-82). In his work, Oosting presented a new interpretation of the Isaiah text, arguing that the accentuation of the verse suggests that the Masoretes misinterpreted the text as a question and answer: `Who has directed the spirit? Yhwh!' It is demonstrated that Oosting's representation of the Masoretic accentuation and its meaning is based on a misunderstanding. Moreover it is argued that the classical interpretation of the Hebrew text, rendering the text—`Who has measured the spirit of Yhwh, and [who is] his counsellor, that has made him know?'—which is rejected by Oosting, is based on solid ground and should be preferred. [article] Isaiah 40.13, the Masoretes, Syntax and Literary Structure : A Rejoinder to Reinoud Oosting [texte imprimé] / Raymond De Hoop, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 453-463. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 453-463. Résumé : This study discusses Isa. 40.13, as interpreted in a recent article by Reinoud Oosting (JSOT 32 [2008]: 353-82). In his work, Oosting presented a new interpretation of the Isaiah text, arguing that the accentuation of the verse suggests that the Masoretes misinterpreted the text as a question and answer: `Who has directed the spirit? Yhwh!' It is demonstrated that Oosting's representation of the Masoretic accentuation and its meaning is based on a misunderstanding. Moreover it is argued that the classical interpretation of the Hebrew text, rendering the text—`Who has measured the spirit of Yhwh, and [who is] his counsellor, that has made him know?'—which is rejected by Oosting, is based on solid ground and should be preferred.

Jeremiah 44 / Teresa Ann Ellis in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, 33/4 (2009)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 465-488. Titre : Jeremiah 44 : What if `the Queen of Heaven'is YHWH? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Teresa Ann Ellis, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 465-488. Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Jeremiah 44 provides an image unusual within prophetic literature—the prophet's female adversaries are not portrayed in terms of sexuality. Jeremiah denounces a group of Judean women and men who revere `the Queen of Heaven'. His central accusation is that they have caused YHWH's anger, and thus the fall of the kingdom of Judah. Yet, this article maintains, there is sufficient textual evidence for readers to construct an alternate scenario that vindicates the Queen of Heaven's supporters in their counter-accusation that it was not their actions that angered YHWH but the actions of the Judean kings who opposed making offerings to the Queen of Heaven. In this case, what relations between the Queen of Heaven and YHWH might be portrayed? [article] Jeremiah 44 : What if `the Queen of Heaven'is YHWH? [texte imprimé] / Teresa Ann Ellis, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 465-488. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 465-488. Résumé : Jeremiah 44 provides an image unusual within prophetic literature—the prophet's female adversaries are not portrayed in terms of sexuality. Jeremiah denounces a group of Judean women and men who revere `the Queen of Heaven'. His central accusation is that they have caused YHWH's anger, and thus the fall of the kingdom of Judah. Yet, this article maintains, there is sufficient textual evidence for readers to construct an alternate scenario that vindicates the Queen of Heaven's supporters in their counter-accusation that it was not their actions that angered YHWH but the actions of the Judean kings who opposed making offerings to the Queen of Heaven. In this case, what relations between the Queen of Heaven and YHWH might be portrayed?

Echoes of the Book of Exodus in Ezekiel / Rebecca G.S. Idestrom in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, 33/4 (2009)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 489-510. Titre : Echoes of the Book of Exodus in Ezekiel Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rebecca G.S. Idestrom, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 489-510. Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : This article examines the thematic connections made between the book of Exodus and the book of Ezekiel. Both books emphasize the theme of knowing God through his divine acts. Other themes and motifs from Exodus found in Ezekiel, including the call narrative, divine encounters, captivity, signs, plagues, judgment, redemption, tabernacle/temple, are considered. Several parallels between Moses and Ezekiel are noted, raising the question of whether Ezekiel was understood as a second Moses figure; both were Levites who became prophets and leaders of God's people in a time of crisis. Finally, some of the implications of these connections for interpreting the book of Ezekiel are explored. [article] Echoes of the Book of Exodus in Ezekiel [texte imprimé] / Rebecca G.S. Idestrom, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 489-510. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal for the Study of the Old Testament > 33/4 (2009) . - pp. 489-510. Résumé : This article examines the thematic connections made between the book of Exodus and the book of Ezekiel. Both books emphasize the theme of knowing God through his divine acts. Other themes and motifs from Exodus found in Ezekiel, including the call narrative, divine encounters, captivity, signs, plagues, judgment, redemption, tabernacle/temple, are considered. Several parallels between Moses and Ezekiel are noted, raising the question of whether Ezekiel was understood as a second Moses figure; both were Levites who became prophets and leaders of God's people in a time of crisis. Finally, some of the implications of these connections for interpreting the book of Ezekiel are explored.